import copy
import math
from typing import Optional

import torch
import torch.nn.functional as F
from torch import Tensor, nn

# modified from https://github.com/microsoft/X-Decoder/blob/main/xdecoder/body/transformer_blocks.py # noqa
"""Transformer class.

Copy-paste from torch.nn.Transformer with modifications:
    * positional encodings are passed in MHattention
    * extra LN at the end of encoder is removed
    * decoder returns a stack of activations from all decoding layers
"""


class Conv2d(torch.nn.Conv2d):
    """A wrapper around :class:`torch.nn.Conv2d` to support empty inputs and
    more features."""

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        """Extra keyword arguments supported in addition to those in
        `torch.nn.Conv2d`:

        Args:
            norm (nn.Module, optional): a normalization layer
            activation (callable(Tensor) -> Tensor): a callable
                activation function

        It assumes that norm layer is used before activation.
        """
        norm = kwargs.pop('norm', None)
        activation = kwargs.pop('activation', None)
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)

        self.norm = norm
        self.activation = activation

    def forward(self, x):
        x = F.conv2d(x, self.weight, self.bias, self.stride, self.padding,
                     self.dilation, self.groups)
        if self.norm is not None:
            x = self.norm(x)
        if self.activation is not None:
            x = self.activation(x)
        return x


class PositionEmbeddingSine(nn.Module):
    """This is a more standard version of the position embedding, very similar
    to the one used by the Attention is all you need paper, generalized to work
    on images."""

    def __init__(self,
                 num_pos_feats=64,
                 temperature=10000,
                 normalize=False,
                 scale=None):
        super().__init__()
        self.num_pos_feats = num_pos_feats
        self.temperature = temperature
        self.normalize = normalize
        if scale is not None and normalize is False:
            raise ValueError('normalize should be True if scale is passed')
        if scale is None:
            scale = 2 * math.pi
        self.scale = scale

    def forward(self, x, mask=None):
        if mask is None:
            mask = torch.zeros((x.size(0), x.size(2), x.size(3)),
                               device=x.device,
                               dtype=torch.bool)
        not_mask = ~mask
        y_embed = not_mask.cumsum(1, dtype=x.dtype)
        x_embed = not_mask.cumsum(2, dtype=x.dtype)
        if self.normalize:
            eps = 1e-6
            y_embed = y_embed / (y_embed[:, -1:, :] + eps) * self.scale
            x_embed = x_embed / (x_embed[:, :, -1:] + eps) * self.scale

        dim_t = torch.arange(
            self.num_pos_feats, dtype=x.dtype, device=x.device)
        dim_t = self.temperature**(2 * (dim_t // 2) / self.num_pos_feats)

        pos_x = x_embed[:, :, :, None] / dim_t
        pos_y = y_embed[:, :, :, None] / dim_t
        pos_x = torch.stack(
            (pos_x[:, :, :, 0::2].sin(), pos_x[:, :, :, 1::2].cos()),
            dim=4).flatten(3)
        pos_y = torch.stack(
            (pos_y[:, :, :, 0::2].sin(), pos_y[:, :, :, 1::2].cos()),
            dim=4).flatten(3)
        pos = torch.cat((pos_y, pos_x), dim=3).permute(0, 3, 1, 2)
        return pos

    def __repr__(self, _repr_indent=4):
        head = 'Positional encoding ' + self.__class__.__name__
        body = [
            'num_pos_feats: {}'.format(self.num_pos_feats),
            'temperature: {}'.format(self.temperature),
            'normalize: {}'.format(self.normalize),
            'scale: {}'.format(self.scale),
        ]
        # _repr_indent = 4
        lines = [head] + [' ' * _repr_indent + line for line in body]
        return '\n'.join(lines)


class TransformerEncoder(nn.Module):

    def __init__(self, encoder_layer, num_layers, norm=None):
        super().__init__()
        self.layers = _get_clones(encoder_layer, num_layers)
        self.num_layers = num_layers
        self.norm = norm

    def forward(
        self,
        src,
        mask: Optional[Tensor] = None,
        src_key_padding_mask: Optional[Tensor] = None,
        pos: Optional[Tensor] = None,
    ):
        output = src

        for layer in self.layers:
            output = layer(
                output,
                src_mask=mask,
                src_key_padding_mask=src_key_padding_mask,
                pos=pos)

        if self.norm is not None:
            output = self.norm(output)

        return output


class TransformerEncoderLayer(nn.Module):

    def __init__(
        self,
        d_model,
        nhead,
        dim_feedforward=2048,
        dropout=0.1,
        activation='relu',
        normalize_before=False,
    ):
        super().__init__()
        self.self_attn = nn.MultiheadAttention(d_model, nhead, dropout=dropout)
        # Implementation of Feedforward model
        self.linear1 = nn.Linear(d_model, dim_feedforward)
        self.dropout = nn.Dropout(dropout)
        self.linear2 = nn.Linear(dim_feedforward, d_model)

        self.norm1 = nn.LayerNorm(d_model)
        self.norm2 = nn.LayerNorm(d_model)
        self.dropout1 = nn.Dropout(dropout)
        self.dropout2 = nn.Dropout(dropout)

        self.activation = _get_activation_fn(activation)
        self.normalize_before = normalize_before

    def with_pos_embed(self, tensor, pos: Optional[Tensor]):
        return tensor if pos is None else tensor + pos

    def forward_post(
        self,
        src,
        src_mask: Optional[Tensor] = None,
        src_key_padding_mask: Optional[Tensor] = None,
        pos: Optional[Tensor] = None,
    ):
        q = k = self.with_pos_embed(src, pos)

        src2 = self.self_attn(
            q,
            k,
            value=src,
            attn_mask=src_mask,
            key_padding_mask=src_key_padding_mask)[0]
        src = src + self.dropout1(src2)
        src = self.norm1(src)
        src2 = self.linear2(self.dropout(self.activation(self.linear1(src))))
        src = src + self.dropout2(src2)
        src = self.norm2(src)
        return src

    def forward_pre(
        self,
        src,
        src_mask: Optional[Tensor] = None,
        src_key_padding_mask: Optional[Tensor] = None,
        pos: Optional[Tensor] = None,
    ):
        src2 = self.norm1(src)
        q = k = self.with_pos_embed(src2, pos)
        src2 = self.self_attn(
            q,
            k,
            value=src2,
            attn_mask=src_mask,
            key_padding_mask=src_key_padding_mask)[0]
        src = src + self.dropout1(src2)
        src2 = self.norm2(src)
        src2 = self.linear2(self.dropout(self.activation(self.linear1(src2))))
        src = src + self.dropout2(src2)
        return src

    def forward(
        self,
        src,
        src_mask: Optional[Tensor] = None,
        src_key_padding_mask: Optional[Tensor] = None,
        pos: Optional[Tensor] = None,
    ):
        if self.normalize_before:
            return self.forward_pre(src, src_mask, src_key_padding_mask, pos)
        return self.forward_post(src, src_mask, src_key_padding_mask, pos)


class SelfAttentionLayer(nn.Module):

    def __init__(self,
                 d_model,
                 nhead,
                 dropout=0.0,
                 activation='relu',
                 normalize_before=False):
        super().__init__()
        self.self_attn = nn.MultiheadAttention(d_model, nhead, dropout=dropout)

        self.norm = nn.LayerNorm(d_model)
        self.dropout = nn.Dropout(dropout)

        self.activation = _get_activation_fn(activation)
        self.normalize_before = normalize_before

        self._reset_parameters()

    def _reset_parameters(self):
        for p in self.parameters():
            if p.dim() > 1:
                nn.init.xavier_uniform_(p)

    def with_pos_embed(self, tensor, pos: Optional[Tensor]):
        return tensor if pos is None else tensor + pos

    def forward_post(self,
                     tgt,
                     tgt_mask: Optional[Tensor] = None,
                     tgt_key_padding_mask: Optional[Tensor] = None,
                     query_pos: Optional[Tensor] = None):
        q = k = self.with_pos_embed(tgt, query_pos)
        tgt2 = self.self_attn(
            q,
            k,
            value=tgt,
            attn_mask=tgt_mask,
            key_padding_mask=tgt_key_padding_mask)[0]
        tgt = tgt + self.dropout(tgt2)
        tgt = self.norm(tgt)

        return tgt

    def forward_pre(self,
                    tgt,
                    tgt_mask: Optional[Tensor] = None,
                    tgt_key_padding_mask: Optional[Tensor] = None,
                    query_pos: Optional[Tensor] = None):
        tgt2 = self.norm(tgt)
        q = k = self.with_pos_embed(tgt2, query_pos)
        tgt2 = self.self_attn(
            q,
            k,
            value=tgt2,
            attn_mask=tgt_mask,
            key_padding_mask=tgt_key_padding_mask)[0]
        tgt = tgt + self.dropout(tgt2)

        return tgt

    def forward(self,
                tgt,
                tgt_mask: Optional[Tensor] = None,
                tgt_key_padding_mask: Optional[Tensor] = None,
                query_pos: Optional[Tensor] = None):
        if self.normalize_before:
            return self.forward_pre(tgt, tgt_mask, tgt_key_padding_mask,
                                    query_pos)
        return self.forward_post(tgt, tgt_mask, tgt_key_padding_mask,
                                 query_pos)


class CrossAttentionLayer(nn.Module):

    def __init__(self,
                 d_model,
                 nhead,
                 dropout=0.0,
                 activation='relu',
                 normalize_before=False):
        super().__init__()
        self.multihead_attn = nn.MultiheadAttention(
            d_model, nhead, dropout=dropout)

        self.norm = nn.LayerNorm(d_model)
        self.dropout = nn.Dropout(dropout)

        self.activation = _get_activation_fn(activation)
        self.normalize_before = normalize_before

        self._reset_parameters()

    def _reset_parameters(self):
        for p in self.parameters():
            if p.dim() > 1:
                nn.init.xavier_uniform_(p)

    def with_pos_embed(self, tensor, pos: Optional[Tensor]):
        return tensor if pos is None else tensor + pos

    def forward_post(self,
                     tgt,
                     memory,
                     memory_mask: Optional[Tensor] = None,
                     memory_key_padding_mask: Optional[Tensor] = None,
                     pos: Optional[Tensor] = None,
                     query_pos: Optional[Tensor] = None):
        tgt2, avg_attn = self.multihead_attn(
            query=self.with_pos_embed(tgt, query_pos),
            key=self.with_pos_embed(memory, pos),
            value=memory,
            attn_mask=memory_mask,
            key_padding_mask=memory_key_padding_mask)
        tgt = tgt + self.dropout(tgt2)
        tgt = self.norm(tgt)
        return tgt, avg_attn

    def forward_pre(self,
                    tgt,
                    memory,
                    memory_mask: Optional[Tensor] = None,
                    memory_key_padding_mask: Optional[Tensor] = None,
                    pos: Optional[Tensor] = None,
                    query_pos: Optional[Tensor] = None):
        tgt2 = self.norm(tgt)
        tgt2, avg_attn = self.multihead_attn(
            query=self.with_pos_embed(tgt2, query_pos),
            key=self.with_pos_embed(memory, pos),
            value=memory,
            attn_mask=memory_mask,
            key_padding_mask=memory_key_padding_mask)
        tgt = tgt + self.dropout(tgt2)

        return tgt, avg_attn

    def forward(self,
                tgt,
                memory,
                memory_mask: Optional[Tensor] = None,
                memory_key_padding_mask: Optional[Tensor] = None,
                pos: Optional[Tensor] = None,
                query_pos: Optional[Tensor] = None):
        if self.normalize_before:
            return self.forward_pre(tgt, memory, memory_mask,
                                    memory_key_padding_mask, pos, query_pos)
        return self.forward_post(tgt, memory, memory_mask,
                                 memory_key_padding_mask, pos, query_pos)


class FFNLayer(nn.Module):

    def __init__(self,
                 d_model,
                 dim_feedforward=2048,
                 dropout=0.0,
                 activation='relu',
                 normalize_before=False):
        super().__init__()
        # Implementation of Feedforward model
        self.linear1 = nn.Linear(d_model, dim_feedforward)
        self.dropout = nn.Dropout(dropout)
        self.linear2 = nn.Linear(dim_feedforward, d_model)

        self.norm = nn.LayerNorm(d_model)

        self.activation = _get_activation_fn(activation)
        self.normalize_before = normalize_before

        self._reset_parameters()

    def _reset_parameters(self):
        for p in self.parameters():
            if p.dim() > 1:
                nn.init.xavier_uniform_(p)

    def with_pos_embed(self, tensor, pos: Optional[Tensor]):
        return tensor if pos is None else tensor + pos

    def forward_post(self, tgt):
        tgt2 = self.linear2(self.dropout(self.activation(self.linear1(tgt))))
        tgt = tgt + self.dropout(tgt2)
        tgt = self.norm(tgt)
        return tgt

    def forward_pre(self, tgt):
        tgt2 = self.norm(tgt)
        tgt2 = self.linear2(self.dropout(self.activation(self.linear1(tgt2))))
        tgt = tgt + self.dropout(tgt2)
        return tgt

    def forward(self, tgt):
        if self.normalize_before:
            return self.forward_pre(tgt)
        return self.forward_post(tgt)


class MLP(nn.Module):
    """Very simple multi-layer perceptron (also called FFN)"""

    def __init__(self, input_dim, hidden_dim, output_dim, num_layers):
        super().__init__()
        self.num_layers = num_layers
        h = [hidden_dim] * (num_layers - 1)
        self.layers = nn.ModuleList(
            nn.Linear(n, k) for n, k in zip([input_dim] + h, h + [output_dim]))

    def forward(self, x):
        for i, layer in enumerate(self.layers):
            x = F.relu(layer(x)) if i < self.num_layers - 1 else layer(x)
        return x


def get_norm(norm, out_channels):
    """
    Args:
        norm (str or callable): either one of BN, SyncBN, FrozenBN, GN;
            or a callable that takes a channel number and returns
            the normalization layer as a nn.Module.

    Returns:
        nn.Module or None: the normalization layer
    """
    if norm is None:
        return None
    if isinstance(norm, str):
        if len(norm) == 0:
            return None
        norm = {
            'BN': nn.BatchNorm2d,
            'GN': lambda channels: nn.GroupNorm(32, channels),
        }[norm]
    return norm(out_channels)


def _get_clones(module, N):
    return nn.ModuleList([copy.deepcopy(module) for i in range(N)])


def _get_activation_fn(activation):
    """Return an activation function given a string."""
    if activation == 'relu':
        return F.relu
    if activation == 'gelu':
        return F.gelu
    if activation == 'glu':
        return F.glu
    raise RuntimeError(f'activation should be relu/gelu, not {activation}.')